Sidechain EQ: what it is and when to use it

Hello everyone and welcome to this week's article!

This time we're going to use sidechain in a different way than the most common one, the sidechain compression that we have already covered in this article: we're going to see what happens when applying the sidechain to an equalization.

With the term "sidechain" we define an interdependence between a trigger event (for example a kick hit) and an effect (usually a compressor that lowers the volume of another track for few instants), for instance in a song in which there is a synth pad, every time a kick hits, a sidechain compressor could lower the pad volume creating an artistic "vacuum" effect on the synth, like in the min. 1.43 of the song "Follow me" by Muse.

The "ducking" effect (that's how it's called), it's a creative choice that's functional to the arrangement of the song, but there are other instances in which a mix engineer would simply need to carve a little bit of room and avoid frequency masking in a very dense mix (for example one that is very fast or with many layers) without producing an effect that would take the attention of the listener away from the arrangement.

In this case, more than a compressor that would affect the whole tone, it's better to use an equalizer or a multiband compressor, because in this case one could clear a little bit of space just in the exact area in which we want for example our kick drum to cut the mix more clearly, without touching anything else.

How do we do it? In the Studio One interface (but surely it's very similar also in all the other DAWs) we need to load the eq or the multiband compressor in the insert of the track we want to affect (usually synths or bass guitar, but it could be really anything) and click on the sidechain button on top (as in the picture in this article), then in the track that should trigger the effect (for example the kick track) we click on the "+" button next to "sends" and there we'll see a menu with all the effects with the sidechain function active.
From there is sufficient to choose the eq or multiband compressor we've loaded on the other track and every time there will be a sound in this "trigger track", the eq or multiband compressor will activate simultaneously in the other, and in this case it will lower the eq in the other track, in the area of our choice, which should be the same that we want to emphasize in our "trigger" track;
for example if the kick track we are using is covered by the bass in the low end, for example in the 100hz area, we can sidechain an eq that every time the kick hits, it will lower 2 or 3 db exactly in that area of the bass track.

This way the kick will be more prominent, but without us boosting it and without ruining the balance of the song.

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